Connection Between Diabetes and Heart Disease

Connection Between Diabetes and Heart Disease

Having diabetes already makes you feel thirsty, tired or even hungry, but did you know some of the disease's symptoms also affect your heart?

A 2020 study published in the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology called Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CAD) "two bad companions." Heart disease risk for diabetes patients was equivalent to those with preexisting CAD. This is because high glucose levels can damage blood vessels over time. In fact, researchers estimated 90% of people with Type 2 diabetes could die of heart disease or stroke in as little as 10 years.

Both conditions' risk factors include high cholesterol, poor diet, high blood pressure, obesity and smoking. So, how can you decrease your risks?

How to Fight Diabetes and Heart Disease

Lower cholesterol. An estimated 94 million Americans age 20 or older have high cholesterol. Research has shown that abdominal fat promotes the production of so-called "bad" cholesterol, which significantly increases heart disease risk. Your doctor may recommend more nuts, avocados, fatty fish, whole grains, fruit and beans to lower your cholesterol. About 30% of Americans older than 40 take a statin for high LDL levels, but all potential medication changes should be discussed with your doctor.

Eat better. Swapping high-fat food items for fresh fruits and vegetables and lean proteins is another way to reduce your risk. Diets high in trans fats are linked to a 25% increased risk of coronary heart disease and a 31% increased risk of death. You should also cut back on salt. The American Heart Association recommends no more than 2,300 milligrams a day (one teaspoon) but encourages you to aim for 1,500 mg.

Manage blood pressure. Numbers are on the rise among young adults. High blood pressure affects 1 in 8 adults under 40, and can lead to heart attack, stroke or aneurysm. One study found a 10-point decrease in systolic blood pressure lowered overall diabetes complication risks by 12%.

Battle obesity. Central obesity, meaning you carry excess weight at your waist, rather than around your hips, is common among people with Type 2 diabetes. Weight loss can decrease cardiovascular risks while increasing insulin sensitivity. The American Heart Association recommends 75 to 150 minutes of aerobic activity weekly and adding strength training at least twice per week. Ask your doctor if you have concerns about what kind of activity is best for you.

Stop smoking. Both smoking and diabetes narrow blood vessels. This blockage can lead to a heart attack or stroke. Studies have indicated people with diabetes have hearts more susceptible to ischemic injuries. According to the FDA, your heart rate drops within 20 minutes of quitting. After four years, your stroke risks lower to that of nonsmokers.

If you suffer from or are at risk for diabetes, talk to your doctor about managing your risk factors.

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